As noted in a number of our previous tax alerts, implementation of VAT on e-commerce began in April 2022. Under the self-assessment regime, the regulations require that taxpayers apply the VAT reverse charge system to declare and pay 10% VAT to the General Department of Taxation (“GDT”) on any digital goods, services or e-commerce activities […]

The Sub-Decree specifies new Tax on Income (“TOI”) thresholds for the taxable income earned by physical persons, sole proprietorships, and the distributive share of each member of a partnership that is not classified as a legal entity. In addition, the Sub-Decree sets out new Tax on Salary (“TOS”) thresholds for salary income. The new annual […]

The Central Bank of Myanmar (“CBM”) issued Notification No. 195/2022 to Union Ministers, Regional or State Governments, City Development Committees of Nay Pyi Taw, Yangon and Mandalay on 25 May 2022 directing domestic payments to be made in Myanmar Kyat (“MMK”).   This is a follow-up to Notification no. 12/2022 issued on 3 April 2022 […]

In this briefing the team of VDB Loi (Vietnam) answers to the most frequently raised questions relating to the provision of foreign loans to companies in Vietnam. This article generally assumes that parties are looking to implement long-term financing for a company registered in Vietnam. Note that additional requirements may apply to certain specifically regulated […]

Following postponement by the Ministry of Finance of the date for submission of the FY2021 annual financial statements (the “FS”), the deadline of 31 May 2022 set by Notice No. 933/MOF dated 31 March 2022 is fast approaching. Are you ready? Is your document checklist completed? Are you aware of the income tax rules on […]

Myanmar has double taxation agreements (“DTAs”) in force with eight countries: the United Kingdom, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, India, the Republic of Korea, and Laos, with a number of other DTAs in the draft stage, including Indonesia and Bangladesh. Accordingly, the tax imposts may be reduced by any DTAs that are currently in effect. The […]

In accordance with the notification issued by the Central Bank of Myanmar on 3 April 2022 regarding the conversion of USD into MMK within one working day, the Ministry of Commerce (“MOC”) has confirmed that it will assist importers/exporters regarding the facilitation of applications to buy USD used for their businesses with the Foreign Exchange […]

As required by Notification 510/2021 issued by the Ministry of Planning, Finance and Industry, when calculating Personal Income Tax (“PIT”) for the six-month interim budget year (1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022), employees’ monthly fixed income items, such as their monthly salary and monthly fixed allowances must be annualized (i.e. multiplied by two) to […]

Recently, the Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce issued Newsletter No. 2/2022 for additional items requiring an import license. This follows previous action by the department of adding commodity lines 3070 (Newsletter No. 18/2021) and 826 (Newsletter No. 1/2022) to the list of those requiring an import license. Effective from 2 March 2022, the […]

General regulations The Vietnam tax authorities have been enhancing the tax management mechanism to collect tax from non-residents who generate income from Vietnam through cross-border ecommerce and digital-based business activities. One of the most common methods is via the withholding mechanism, whereby the resident buyer is required to withhold, declare, and file the tax on […]

Three years on from the issuance of the Law on Trusts (dated 2 January 2019), the Non-Banking Financial Services Authority (“NBFSA”) issued Prakas No. 003 F.S.A.PrK on 26 January 2022 on Rules for the Management, Establishment, and Functioning of Trusts (“Prakas”) to set out the rules, conditions, and procedures on the establishment of trusts, their […]

With a lack of thin capitalization rules in Cambodia, interest free loans have been the norm for many Multinational Enterprises funding their investment and ongoing operations in Cambodia. However, loss making or small profit margin Cambodian Taxpayers with interest free loans have found themselves facing large tax reassessments over the past three and a half […]

Cryptocurrency trading is not new and attracts a lot of participants. However, there is currently lacking of a full legal framework to recognize the cryptocurrency whether as an asset or goods and thus can be traded under Vietnam regulations. According to the Article 105 of the 2015 Civil Code: “1. Property is objects, money, valuable […]

The State Administration Council enacted Law No. 1/2022 on Amending the Union Tax Law 2021 (“Amended UTL 2021”) on 6 January 2022 to increase the commercial tax rate over internet services and expand the income layers of undisclosed sources of income for the financial year 2021-2022. The Amended UTL 2021 took effect on 8 January […]

Over the last few months, the Accounting and Auditing Regulator (“ACAR”) has issued several notifications with regard to accounting report compliance requirements. We summarize the main points below. ACAR issued Notification No. 022 AAR.SCN on 22 November 2021 as a reminder that the following types of companies must submit to ACAR an audit report for […]

Credit notes and debit notes are used when there is an over- or under-charge on a customer’s invoice. Article 49 of the VAT Sub-Decree dated 24 December 1999 outlines the circumstances when a credit or debit note should be issued: The supply has been cancelled. The nature of the supply has been fundamentally varied or […]

In an otherwise complex context, the Public-Private Partnership (“PPP”) experience in Bangladesh demonstrates a high level of transparency from which neighboring countries in the region can learn. Highlights of this note PPP framework Procurement Government budgeting Investment and corporate laws Environment law and social impact Secured transactions law Land ownership restriction Land acquisition Procurement process […]

The Union Tax Law 2021 (“UTL 2021”) was enacted on 30 September 2021 by the State Administration Council (“SAC”). It is applicable for the financial year (“FY”) 2021-2022 (1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022). Some notable changes under the UTL 2021 for taxpayers are the reductions in tax rates on the taxable profits of […]

In order to shore up the economy and investments affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; the state administration council has increased the income ranges at each rate level applicable for Personal Income Tax (“PIT”) in Union Tax Law (“UTL”) 2021 dated 30 September 2021. The changes under UTL 2021 are more favorable for taxpayers, since more […]

The amendment of the tax laws No. 01/NA dated 7 August 2021 (“Tax Law Amendment 2021”) was adopted by Presidential Decree No. 231/P dated 21 December 2021 and became effective from 1 January 2022. We provide below a brief summary of the key changes to the existing tax laws (including the Taxation Administration Law No. […]